What EKG findings are indicative of hyperkalemia?

What EKG findings are indicative of hyperkalemia?

• A. Flattened P waves, widened QRS complex, and peaked T waves
• B. Inverted T waves and U waves
• C. Shortened QT interval
• D. Prolonged QT interval

Answer: (A)

Hyperkalemia, which refers to elevated potassium levels in the blood, can have notable impacts on the electrocardiogram (EKG). The EKG findings that are most characteristic of hyperkalemia include peaked T waves, which are typically one of the earliest changes seen. As potassium levels continue to rise, additional changes may occur, such as a widening of the QRS complex, which indicates a slowing of ventricular conduction. Flattened P waves can also be observed as the severity of hyperkalemia progresses.

The presence of flattened P waves, widened QRS complex, and peaked T waves signifies a direct effect of elevated potassium on cardiac myocytes, leading to alterations in repolarization and depolarization processes. This combination of findings reflects the increased myocardial excitability and conduction disturbances associated with high serum potassium, making it a classic EKG presentation for hyperkalemia.

In contrast to the other options, which describe different EKG characteristics associated with other conditions, the combination of peaked T waves, widened QRS, and flattened P waves is unique and specific to elevated potassium levels. Understanding these specific findings helps in diagnosing and managing patients with hyperkalemia effectively.