What change occurs to the T wave in patients with hyperkalemia?

What change occurs to the T wave in patients with hyperkalemia?

• A. The T wave is flat
• B. The T wave is peaked
• C. The T wave is inverted
• D. The T wave is tall and narrow

Answer: (B)

In patients with hyperkalemia, the T wave typically becomes peaked. This characteristic change is due to the effect of elevated potassium levels on cardiac repolarization. When potassium levels are high, it affects the myocardial action potentials, leading to alterations in the repolarization phase. The peaked T waves are often tall and narrow, making them easily recognizable on an electrocardiogram.

Hyperkalemia results in a shortening of the action potential duration, which can manifest as an increase in the amplitude of the T wave. Clinicians often look for these peaked T waves as a critical sign of hyperkalemia, which can have serious implications if not addressed. The identification of this change is especially important because it helps in timely diagnosing and effectively managing this potentially life-threatening electrolyte disturbance.