How does hypercalcemia manifest on EKG?

How does hypercalcemia manifest on EKG?

• A. Prolonged QT interval
• B. Shortened QT interval
• C. Flattened P waves
• D. Widened QRS complex

Answer: (B)

Hypercalcemia manifests on the EKG primarily as a shortened QT interval. This occurs because elevated calcium levels affect the repolarization phase of the cardiac cycle, specifically by shortening the duration of the action potential. In essence, an increase in calcium concentration enhances myocardial contractility and speeds up the repolarization process, resulting in a shorter time between the QRS complex and the T wave, thus reducing the QT interval.

In clinical practice, recognizing this change is essential as it helps distinguish hypercalcemia from other causes of EKG alterations. The significance of the QT interval is paramount since abnormal lengths can increase the risk of arrhythmias. Therefore, monitoring calcium levels and their EKG manifestations is critical in managing patients effectively. Proper interpretation of the EKG can guide further evaluation and treatment of the underlying condition leading to hypercalcemia.